Developmental size, shape and symmetry abnormalities of the male breast are common and affected men frequently seek surgical correction. In some instances there is an underlying medical condition that should be investigated and treated appropriately. In addition some medications may lead to the development of gynaecomastia. Gynaecomastia is common during adolescence but the majority resolve spontaneously and sufficient time should be allowed for this to occur except in cases where the deformity is so gross that the individual is liable to suffer psychological harm. In the NHS, surgical treatment for gynaecomastia is considered to be aesthetic although there may also be significant psychological and functional effects. As such, these patients are subject to the Exceptional Aesthetic Referral Pathway (EARP, see Aesthetic Surgery – RefHelp opens a new window) and any indicated surgical procedures is only approved where the patient meets rigorous physical and psychological criteria and are not contraindicated on any of these measures.
The surgical options for the treatment of gynaecomastia include liposuction alone where the excess tissue is considered to be largely fatty. However, open excision, with or without adjunctive liposuction, may be required where there is significant glandular or fibrous breast tissue that cannot be removed by liposuction alone. The procedure is carried out under general anaesthetic, commonly with an overnight stay in hospital. Patients are likely to require 2-4 weeks off work.
M.A. & E. M-P. 11-12-24
